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信息发布者：
Without your help, I can't finish the work in time.
Without hard work, we won't pass the exam.
 At the age of three, Tom could sing nearly 20 English songs.
of my/a wonderful holiday
the owner of the car
 about his arrival at the theatre
 the meaning of the word
 the number of the birds in the tree
with a book in his hand
 in a red skirt
with a sea view
with air tanks on their backs
with long straight hair
how far the Earth is from the Sun
about the number of the new students
the differences between American schools and Chinese schools
because of his illness
 at the age of 90
Without your help, I can't finish the work in time.
句意：
如果你不帮我，我就不能及时完成工作。 

if表示如果，引导条件状语从句，改为简单句，要用介词without没有，后跟名词短语your help你的帮助。
故答案为：Without your help, I can't finish the work in time.
Without hard work, we won't pass the exam.
句意：
如果我们不努力学习，我们就不会通过考试。 

if表示如果，引导条件状语从句，改为简单句，要用介词without没有，后跟名词短语hard work。
故答案为：Without hard work, we won't pass the exam.
At the age of three, Tom could sing nearly 20 English songs.
句意：
汤姆三岁时就能唱近20首英文歌了。 

when表示当...的时候，引导时间状语从句，改为简单句，要用介词短语at the age of...表示几岁。
故答案为：At the age of three, Tom could sing nearly 20 English songs.
of my/a wonderful holiday
句意：
这张照片使我想起去年夏天我在海边度过了一个愉快的假期。

remind sb. that+句子，相当于remind sb. of sth.表示使某人想起...，故填of my/a wonderful holiday。
the owner of the car
句意：
你知道这是谁的车吗？

改为简单句，know后要跟名词短语，owner表示拥有者，故填the owner of the car，表示车的拥有者。
about his arrival at the theatre
句意：
你肯定他会到剧院吗？

be sure that（确信；肯定）改为简单句，be sure about sth.确定某事，arrival到达，名词，his arrival为名词短语，表示他的到达，故填about his arrival at the theatre。
the meaning of the word
句意：
你能告诉我这个词是什么意思吗？

改为简单句，tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事，meaning意思，名词，the meaning of the word为名词短语，表示这个词的意思，故填the meaning of the word。
the number of the birds in the tree
句意：
你知道树上有多少只鸟吗？

改为简单句，know后跟名词短语作宾语，number数字，名词，the number of为名词短语，表示...的数量，故填the number of the birds in the tree。
with a book in his hand
句意：
你认识那个手里拿着一本书的人吗?

改为简单句，用介词短语with sth. in one's hand表示手里拿着某物，故填with a book in his hand。
in a red skirt
句意：
穿红裙子的那个女孩是我妹妹。

改为简单句，要用介词短语in+衣服，表示穿着...衣服。故填in a red skirt。
with a sea view
句意：
我喜欢住在能看到海景的旅馆。

改为简单句，要用介词with，表示带有，后跟名词短语a sea view海景。故填with a sea view。
with air tanks on their backs
句意：
背着氧气罐的人是宇航员。

改为简单句，要用介词短语with sth. on one's back表示背着某物，故填with air tanks on their backs。
with long straight hair
句意：
我的英语老师是那位留着长直发的年轻女士。

改为简单句，要用介词with，表示留着，后跟名词短语long straight hair，表示留着长直发。故填with long straight hair。
how far the Earth is from the Sun
句意：
你知道地球和太阳之间的距离吗?

改为同义句，distance表示距离，可以用how far询问距离多远，后跟A is from B，表示A距离B多远。故填how far the Earth is from the Sun。
about the number of the new students
句意：
他们问明年会有多少新生。

改为同义句，how many询问数量多少，名词短语the number of表示...的数量，ask about sth.表示询问...，故填about the number of the new students。
the differences between American schools and Chinese schools
句意：
我们想知道美国学校和中国学校有什么不同。

改为同义句，be different from表示与...不同，difference表示区别，差异，为名词，know后跟名词短语the differences between A and B，表示A和B之间的区别。故填the differences between American schools and Chinese schools。
because of his illness
句意：
他没来上学，因为他病了。

because作连词，表示因为，引导原因状语从句。改为同义句，要用介词短语because of，后跟名词短语his illness。
故答案为：because of his illness
at the age of 90
句意：
老人在90岁的时候身体很好。

when表示当...的时候，引导时间状语从句，改为同义句，要用介词短语at the age of...表示几岁。
故答案为：at the age of 90
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